What is abortion and their types

 What is Abortion? – Types Of Abortion (With Pictures)        

Abortion is the loss or failure of an early pregnancy and it is defined in several forms: complete, incomplete, inevitable, missed, septic, and threatened.

Classification

Complete abortion




A complete abortion is the termination of a pregnancy before the age of viability, typically defined as occurring at less than 20 weeks from the first day of the last normal menstrual period or involving a fetus of weight less than 500 g.
Most complete abortions generally occur before 6 weeks or after 14 weeks of gestation.

Incomplete abortion
An incomplete abortion is the spontaneous passage of some, but not all, of the products of conception.


Inevitable abortion



A pregnancy in which rupture of the membranes and/or cervical dilation takes place during the first half of pregnancy is labeled an inevitable abortion.
Uterine contractions typically follow, ending in spontaneous loss of the pregnancy for
most patients


.

Missed abortion



A missed abortion is the retention of a failed intrauterine pregnancy for an extended period.
A septic abortion is a variant of an incomplete abortion in which infection of the uterus and its contents has occurred.

Threatened abortion
A threatened abortion is a pregnancy that is at risk for some reason.
Most often, this applies to any pregnancy in which vaginal bleeding or uterine cramping takes place but no cervical changes have occurred.



How to differentiate type of abortion?
[5/28, 19:17] ‪+255 659 796 382‬: • Threatened abortion:
 Slight vaginal bleeding is seen, with or without feeble uterine contractions. The characteristic finding of this type of abortion is the absence of cervical dilation.

• Inevitable abortion:

 is characterized by cervical dilation together with more severe vaginal bleeding and uterine contractions. Moreover, the uterine contractions become stronger as time progresses, bleeding becomes more severe, and the process ends by expulsion of the uterine contents.


• Complete abortion:

 when the entire fetus, placenta, and membranes are eliminated.

• Incomplete abortion:

when the fetus is expelled and all or part of the placenta remains inside the uterus. In the latter case, vaginal bleeding may continue as long as the placental parts are not removed spontaneously or by intervention.

• Missed abortion:

 the fetus (if present) dies but the placenta is not detached from the uterine walls. In such cases the amniotic fluid is reabsorbed, and the fetus undergoes a process of dehydration and mummification.
How to investigation the abortion?

• Ultrasonography is useful in establishing the presence of a living embryo.

• Pregnancy test, determining the presence of chorionic gonadotropins, are usually positive as long as any part of the placental tissue remains in contact with the maternal circulation, and, after complete abortion, until the circulating chorionic gonadotropic hormones are completely eliminated.